Awareness and education about cardiovascular events and sport are essential Results of a French multicenter survey [Sensibilisation et éducation concernant les accidents cardio-vasculaires à l'effort sont indispensables résultats d'une enquête française multi-centrique]

International audienceAims Cardiovascular events occurring during physical activity are becoming a public health problem. Besides medical exams screening for cardiac abnormalities, better prevention could make such accidents less frequent. This study assessed the lack of awareness of cardiovascular risk factors and behaviors in the general sporting population. Methods A survey was conducted by questionnaire in 3590 regular sports practitioners in 6 sport medicine centers. Results Among the 3590 practitioners, mean age was 30.7 ± 16 years, 71% were men, 9.5% were smokers, 5.5% had hypercholesterolemia, 4.4% had high blood pressure and 0.9% were diabetics. In subjects 40 years old, only 54% had undergone a pre-participation exercise test. Among the entire sample, 17% were not aware of the danger of smoking before and just after exercising, and 67%, 47% and 32% did not know the risks of training with fever, exercising in low or high temperature, respectively. The risks of doping, lack of warm-up or proper hydration were unknown to 22%, 2% and 3%, respectively. Finally, the need to report palpitation, dizziness and chest pain related to exercise was unknown to 18%, 7% and 11%, respectively. Recreational athletes had a higher correct response rate than competitive ones, especially those training < 9 h/week. Conclusion The lack of awareness about cardiovascular events remains significant among sports practitioners. Better education about such risks seems necessary to reduce the rate of accidents in the future. © 2018 Elsevier Masson SA

Effect of administration of water enriched in O2 by injection or electrolysis on transcutaneous oxygen pressure in anesthetized pigs

Antoine Charton,1 Fran&ccedil;ois P&eacute;ronnet,2 Stephane Doutreleau,3 Evelyne Lonsdorfer,3 Alexis Klein,4 Liliana Jimenez,4 Bernard Geny,3 Pierre Diemunsch,1 Ruddy Richard5 1Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, and EA 3072, H&ocirc;pital de Hautepierre; University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France; 2Department of Kinesiology, Universit&eacute; de Montr&eacute;al, Montreal, QC, Canada; 3CHRU of Strasbourg, Physiology and Functional Explorations Department, New Civil Hospital, Strasbourg, France and University of Strasbourg, Faculty of Medicine, Physiology Department, Strasbourg, France; 4Danone Research, Palaiseau, France; 5Department of Sport Medicine and Functional Explorations, CHU Clermont-Ferrand and INRA UMR 1019, CRNH-Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France Background: Oral administration of oxygenated water has been shown to improve blood oxygenation and could be an alternate way for oxygen (O2) supply. In this experiment, tissue oxygenation was compared in anesthetized pigs receiving a placebo or water enriched in O2 by injection or a new electrolytic process. Methods: Forty-two pigs randomized in three groups received either mineral water as placebo or water enriched in O2 by injection or the electrolytic process (10 mL/kg in the stomach). Hemodynamic parameters, partial pressure of oxygen in the arterial blood (PaO2), skin blood flow, and tissue oxygenation (transcutaneous oxygen pressure, or TcPO2) were monitored during 90 minutes of general anesthesia. Absorption and tissue distribution of the three waters administered were assessed using dilution of deuterium oxide. Results: Mean arterial pressure, heart rate, PaO2, arteriovenous oxygen difference, and water absorption from the gut were not significantly different among the three groups. The deuterium to protium ratio was also similar in the plasma, skin, and muscle at the end of the protocol. Skin blood flow decreased in the three groups. TcPO2 slowly decreased over the last 60 minutes of the experiment in the three groups, but when compared to the control group, the values remained significantly higher in animals that received the water enriched in O2 by electrolysis. Conclusions: In this protocol, water enriched in O2 by electrolysis lessened the decline of peripheral tissue oxygenation. This observation is compatible with the claim that the electrolytic process generates water clathrates which trap O2 and facilitate O2 diffusion along pressure gradients. Potential applications of O2-enriched water include an alternate method of oxygen supply. Keywords: transcutaneous oxygen partial pressure determination, tissue oxygenation, oxygenated water, water clathrate&nbsp